Endocrine Abstracts

Adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is a tumor of the adrenal cortex, clinical manifestations, recurrence, and progression potential are determined by its biological characteristics. Morphological diagnosis of tumors of the adrenal glands in some cases presents significant difficulties. According to the WHO classification of tumors of the endocrine organs (4th revision, 2017), in addition to the classical one, myxoid, sarcomatoid and oncocytic histological variants of ACC are distingu...

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder resulting from oversecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in parathyroid glands. Hypocalcemia can occur in the postoperative period after parathyroidectomy (PTE) and can be challenging to control and requires varying doses of supplementation. Vitamin D deficiency can worsen the severity of PHPT and promote the development of “hungry bone syndrome” due to increased influx of calcium into bon...

Introduction: Reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is common in patients with hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) treated conventionally with calcium and active vitamin D supplements.Aim: we studied the HRQoL in patients with chronic HypoPT estimated with the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and multidimensional fatigue inventory (MFI-20).Methods: 64 patients with chronic HypoPT (women/men – 57/7, median age 47[36;59...

Introduction: Hypocalcemia is defined as a decreased level of calcium in the blood. The presentation of hypocalcemia varies widely, from asymptomatic to life-threatening. The most common cause of chronic hypocalcemia is postsurgical hypoparathyroidism. This may occur after removal of all parathyroid tissue during thyroidectomy and radical neck dissection for malignancies or after inadvertent interruption of the blood supply to the parathyroid glands during head and neck surger...

Introduction: Hyperuricemia is increasingly being considered a potential pathogenic factor for T2DM, metabolic syndrome, and several adverse consequences of vascular disease. It has been suggested that xanthine oxidase may underlie the urine acid-T2DM association. The study aimed to determine the associations between clinical parameters, glucose homeostasis, and SXO activity in patients with T2DM.Methods: 125 patients with T2DM, age (58.9±9.4) years...

Purpose: to assess the possibility of predicting the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) depending on the single nucleotide polymorphism of the nitric oxide synthase gene.Materials and methods: 186 patients were examined, referred for planned hospitalization, the duration of DM2 was 6-8 years, the target level of glycated hemoglobin was 7.5%, the actual level was 8.3%. All patients were prescrib...

Introduction: Ectopic Cushing’s syndrome (ECS) is a rare disease caused by ACTH secretion by extrapituitary neuroendocrine tumors, characterized by high mortality. Despite the clinical sings of Cushing’s syndrome, difficult access to reliable clinical examinations, leads to a delay in diagnosis and the choice of optimal treatment tactics. Small-cell lung cancer patients with ECS have a very poor prognosis. Case report: A 35-year-old woman ...

In 2005, the evaluation of an international expert group* placed Bulgaria among those who successfully overcame the problem of ‘iodine deficiency’. The aim of the study is to assess the current iodine status in pregnant women in two main regions of Bulgaria - with a known iodine deficiency and other with sufficiency in the past.Material: A cross-sectional multicenter population-based study was conducted in a total of 84 settlements from the two...

Background: Since the last decade, the disease pattern has significantly changed around the world. Non-communicable diseases, most commonly diabetes mellitus, have become the main threat to global health. The incidence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is rising steadily, accounting for about two-thirds of deaths in Germany. Based on a prevalence of 9 million diabetic patients per year, DM2 constitutes a considerable medical and economic burden in Germany. However, the healthc...

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that maintains systemic calcium homeostasis by detecting alterations in extracellular calcium, which it transduces into signalling changes, mainly via the Gq/11 pathway, leading to a decrease in PTH secretion. The importance of CaSR is highlighted by studies of patients that harbour germline CaSR mutations, which lead to a gain of receptor function in autosomal dominant...